Wyoming Handgun Hunting Regulations

Last Reviewed: October 27, 2026 Handgun Hunting: Restricted

Hunting Overview

Wyoming offers some of the most iconic and expansive hunting opportunities in the American West, defined by its high-altitude plateaus, sagebrush basins, and towering mountain ranges. The state is a haven for the big game hunter, where the vastness of the landscape allows for truly remote and self-reliant expeditions. From the rugged peaks of the Rockies to the open high plains, the terrain is often unforgiving and requires a high level of physical preparedness. Pronghorn are the hallmark of the Wyoming plains, while mule deer and elk dominate the timbered slopes and alpine basins.

The climate in Wyoming is semi-arid and high-altitude, leading to extreme weather conditions and rapid changes. It is not uncommon to experience a summer-like morning followed by a blinding snowstorm in the afternoon, especially in the mountains. High winds are a constant factor on the plains, which can significantly impact bullet drift—a critical consideration for the handgun hunter. Temperatures can plummet far below zero during the late seasons, making advanced layering systems and high-quality optics essential for success. The dry air and elevation also mean that staying hydrated and acclimated is vital for any multi-day hunt.

Public land access is exceptional, with over 30 million acres of federal and state land available. The Shoshone National Forest, the nation’s first national forest, offers over 2.4 million acres of pristine wilderness in the Absaroka and Wind River ranges, providing world-class habitat for elk, bighorn sheep, and mule deer. To the north, the Bighorn National Forest encompasses over a million acres of scenic mountain terrain and high-elevation plateaus. Additionally, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) oversees vast stretches of the Red Desert and high plains, offering unparalleled opportunities for pronghorn hunting in an open, unfenced landscape that epitomizes the spirit of the West.

Terrain

High-altitude plateaus and vast sagebrush basins bordered by rugged, timbered mountain ranges.

Top Game Species

Pronghorn, Mule Deer, Elk, Bighorn Sheep, Moose

Regulatory Data Matrix — Wyoming

CheckpointDetailsStatus
Big Game Legality Antelope, deer, elk, moose, bighorn sheep, mountain goat, black bear, mountain lion, gray wolf (trophy game), and grizzly bear where authorized Restricted
Minimum Caliber Centerfire: antelope/deer/mountain lion/gray wolf at least .22 caliber (not .22 Hornet), bullet at least 60 grains, cartridge at least 2 inches OAL, expanding bullet — or at least .35 caliber with 1.5-inch cartridge; elk/moose/bighorn sheep/mountain goat/black bear at least .24 caliber, 2-inch cartridge, expanding bullet — or .35 caliber/1.5-inch; grizzly at least .27 caliber, 150-grain bullet, 2-inch cartridge. Muzzleloading handguns: at least .40 caliber (at least .50 for grizzly) with 50 grains (100 for grizzly) black powder Documented
Energy Floor Not specified Documented
Minimum Barrel Length Not specified Documented
Permitted Action Types Handgun Documented
Optic Regulations Smart firearms are prohibited; no special optic restrictions are noted in the cited source. Documented
Archery Season Sidearm Not addressed Documented

Additional Notes

Wyoming defines a handgun as a firearm with a barrel under 16 inches, a short stock and designed to be fired with one hand without shoulder support. Centerfire handguns must meet caliber, bullet weight and cartridge length minimums that vary by species (e.g., at least .22 caliber, 60-grain bullet and 2-inch cartridge for deer/antelope; at least .24 caliber and 2-inch cartridge for elk/moose/sheep/goat/black bear; at least .27 caliber and 150-grain bullet for grizzly). Muzzleloading handguns must be at least .40 caliber (.50 for grizzly) and use at least 50 grains of black powder (100 for grizzly). Expanding-point bullets are required, and smart firearms (computerized targeting/auto-discharge) are prohibited. See WGFD Chapter 32 regulations.

Disclaimer: HandgunHunting.org is a hobbyist website run by passionate hunters. The information on this page is provided for general reference only and does not constitute legal advice. Always verify current regulations directly with your state's official wildlife agency before hunting.

Official State Resource

Official Source

Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD)

✓ Season Verified October 27, 2026

Wyoming Handgun Hunting FAQ

What is the minimum handgun cartridge for deer in Wyoming?

At least .22 caliber (excluding .22 Hornet) with a bullet of at least 60 grains and a cartridge at least 2 inches overall length using an expanding bullet, or at least .35 caliber with a 1.5-inch cartridge.

What handgun is required for elk in Wyoming?

A centerfire handgun of at least .24 caliber with a cartridge at least 2 inches long using an expanding bullet, or at least .35 caliber with a 1.5-inch cartridge.

Are muzzleloading handguns legal in Wyoming?

Yes, if at least .40 caliber (.50 for grizzly bear) firing an expanding bullet or lead ball with at least 50 grains of black powder (100 grains for grizzly).

Are smart firearms allowed in Wyoming?

No. Smart firearms with computerized targeting systems that calculate firing solutions and auto-discharge are prohibited for big game and trophy game.

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